Forensic analysis on injuries involving main branches of brachial plexus in 66 cases / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study injuries involving brachial plexus and its branches.@*METHODS@#66 cases collected from 2003 to 2005 in our department were analyzed statistically.@*RESULTS@#94% of injuries involved young adult males; 94% were blunt force injuries; 34% involved both nerve and bone mainly involving ulnar nerve and ulnar bone (50%); 40% of the injured nerves received electromyogram and 15 nerves were diagnosed with injuries clinically.@*CONCLUSION@#Forensic determination on severity of brachial plexus injuries mainly depends on movement recovery of limb. The best time for forensic appraisal is 20 d post operation+L (length of nerve severed distally)/R (growth rate)+90 d.

The origin and point of penetration of the nerve branches supplying the flexor digitorum profundus

Lesions in the nerves supplying the flexor digitorum profundus cause a loss of flexibility in the distal phalange of the middle phalange of the finger. A knoledge of the distribution of the nerve branches, and of their origins and points of penetration in the forearm would make the treatment of these lesions easier, especially when surgey is involved, in this study, we dissected 20 forearms from 10 formol-fixed corpses and examined the relationships of the anterior interosseous and ulnar nerves to the flexor digitorum profundus, the articular lines of the elbow and wrist were used as reference points, in the upper limb, most branches of the anterior interosseous nerve (39.3 porcento) began in the distal half of the proximal third of the forearm, whereas most branches of the ulnar nerve (54.5 porcento) began in the distal third of the arm. As a result, most of the anterior interosseous (52.7 porcento) and ulnar (64.9 porcento) nerve branches penetrated in the distal half of the proximal third of the forearm In the right upper limb, most of the branches of the anterior interosseous nerve (35.7 porcento) began in the distal half of the proximal third of the forearm, whereas the branches of the ulnar (50 porcento) began in the distal third of the arm and in the anterior interosseous (45.8 porcento) and ulnar (62.8 porcento) nerve branches began in the distal half of the proximal third of the forearm. Anatomical variations were observed in some cases.

Fracturas del antebrazo consideraciones anatomopatológicas sobre un modelo experimental

Se diseñó un modelo experimental con huesos de plástico para reproducir las fracturas de los huesos del antebrazo y estudiar el impacto de la fijación interna con placas de compresión dinámica en fracturas de uno o ambos huesos, en posición anatómica y con diferentes grados de angulación. Se practicaron 30 pruebas y 233 mediciones diferentes. Se encontró que la presencia de una placa anterior en el tercio proximal del radio produce una disminución severa de la pronación. También se identificó que las angulaciones que disminuyen el espacio interóseo son las que más influyen en la pronación del antebrazo, en orden de magnitud son la angulación anterior y anteroexterna del tercio proximal del cúbito y las angulaciones internas del radio en su tercio proximal medio